Improvement in feeding devices for carding and other preparing machines



` defied grant @anni dimite.

.now-rnZ Perri-air, or MANcnn-sfrnn, ENGLAND.

4 Letters Patent No. 111,674, dated February 7,1871

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part ofthe same.

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, EDWIN Perrrrn'of Manchester, England, have invented certain new .and useful Improvements in Machinery for Preparing andSpinning Cotton and other-fibrous substances;77 audI do hereby declare that the following` is a full, true, andexact description thereof', referencebeing had to the accompanyingdrawing, that is to say "lhe objects of my invention are- First, the construction of' a feeding apparatus capable of supplying a regular and uniform quantityof cotton or other fibrous `substance to the machines used forpreparing and converting it -into slubbings, rovings, or -yarns, with the view of obtaining greater eveuness, uniformity, and strength-in the products of such machines; aud i Secondly', the combination with and application to slubbing, roving, and spinning-machines of thebeforementioned feeding apparatus, for the purpose of supplying to s nch machines a regular and determined quantity of the uniform products of a previous opera- A tion,.so that the finished yarn shall be even through-- out its length. l

This feeding apparatus, constructed according to my invention, I designate a grip-feeder.

Figure 1- is a transverse section;

Figure 2, a front view; and l Figure 3, atop view of one ofA my grip-feeders,

A is a roller, with iron or other suitable metal teth or pins, projecting from its periphery.

1t is made to revolve in av metal case, B, in the direction shown by the arrow, at any required rate of speed,iby means of' a shaft, a, andworm b, in communication with a toothed -or worm-wheel, c', ou its axle d, such shaft-a being driven or actuated iu the usual manner of the feed-rollers of cardiug-engines or seutchers. n rlhe teeth or p ins of the roller A approach the interior surface of the case B as lnearly as is possible without contact.

C is a part which, when iuplace, forms a continuation of the case-B, b utfor the convenience of' filling it with a fresh supply of material to be operated upon it is made movable.

Into this movable caseO the cotton or other fibrous substance is lled by hand or machinery, or bythe case being placed upon 0r in contact with a perforated surface in the opening or scutching-machine, to allow lof its being iilled by exhaustion ofthe air from its interior. When so filled, it is placed in the lower case B, and a weight,v l), which. is vsomewhat less in area than thc interior ofthe case` C, is allowed to rest upon lthe upper snif-acc ofthe cotton or other fibrous material to be operated upon for the purpose of consoli-A dating the fibrous mass, and pressing it forward to the roller A, which, revolving at the same time slowly,

' draws the brous substance from the case and delivers it ata determined speed, over the edge of the case at the point E, to thevrst .carding-roller, or to theibeaters of' lan opener or scutcher.

The downward pressure exerted upon the fibrous jsubstance'fills the interstices of the teeth or pins ot' the roller A with it, anda firm gripor hold of the fibers being eec'ted, a snatching away of' irregular and loosely held masses (of cotton, `for' instance, under process of carding) is prevented, and 'at the same time a more perfect carding or combingof the fibrous substance takes place at the point E, owing to the grip .with which tl-Ie fibrous substance isheld by the aid-ot' the inner surface ot' the case, Bwhile it is gradually fed by the revolution of the roller A.

The weight D may consist of a hollow boit, more or less lilledwith shot or other material, according to the pressure required.- l

The modification shown in Figure 5 differs from ythat shown in `Figure t only in that the roller A delivers the fibrous substance over the upper edge of the case B, the lower half of the case being open.

The dimensions of the case and of the grip-feeder must, of necessity, vary with the kind of fibrousl substance under operation and the worktobe peformed. 'In cotton and wool-spinning 'the-diameter Aof the loller A may be a few inches only, or as much as two feet, or even more, and the case of proportionate capacity, as may'be convenient to the-user forhis vparticu-lar purpose. So also the teeth or pins, in the roller Amay beplaced at different distances to suit the varying lengths of fibers. y n

l prefer that the fibers should be drawn overand in contact with threeat leastof these teeth or pins at the point of delivery,-as indicated in Figure 5, as-

well as over the edge of the case at E, and it will be evident vthat long-stapled woolwill require fewer teeth over a given area of surfacel on the-roller A than cotton or other shorter fIber. I

The length alsoof the teeth must be governed by the work for which they are required, and the rate of delivery of the grip-feeder.

Figure 6 is a top view of a grip-feeder showing that part of the ,case B, which is above the roller A, divided into tubes or cylinders, each tube 0r cylinder being adapted to receive the fibrous substance either in the manner hereinbe'forc described, or, in theshape of thel ordinary lap of cotton as produced by the machines now in use'. But instead of in the latter case feeding the "lap to the first carding-roll'er in' the usual manner, I drop the lap. into the tube or cylinder endwise, so that it falls upon the teeth.

I construct each tube or cylinder of 'sufficient height and capacity to hold two or more laps endwise, one upon another. A

It is necessary that the laps so used shall be uniform in weight, and two ormore of these tubes or cylinders may form part of' the grip-feeder, according as the width ofthe eardingengine and the diameter of the laps will allow.

There may be as many deliveries at the front ot` the exigirle as there are cylinders, or the ileeces may be gathered at the front into one delivery, and be either coiled into a can or wound upon a reel or bobbin, and receive twist or not, as may be considered desirable.

Figure 7 shows the grip-feeder applied to the back part'of' a carding-engine;

Figure 8 is an end view, partly insection and Figure 9, a plan of a modified form of the gripfeeder applied to a throst-le-f'ral'ne, in combination with two or more earding-rollers.

The'same combination ot' parts and mechanism are equally applicable to slubbing and roving-frames, and also to nulles, yaryimgg, however, somewhat in dimensions and distances, according to the particular purpose for which the machine is adapted.

In this instance I take the product of a previous operation, that of carding, for example, in which the grip-f`eedcr has been employed; having formed a roll of sliversin the usual way by m ians oi' the Derby doubler, I place it in bearings above the machine, and lead one or more card ends through the case B of the grip-feeder to the teeth oi' the roller A ot the same,

which roller delivers the fibrous substance over the edge of' the case, at the point E, to the first car-dingroller F, which revolves in the direction shown by the arrow,.and eardsor combs thefibers as they are delivered to it.

The cardroller Gr strips the roller It, and its teeth meeting those of the smaller' roller II, the fibers -are again carded, and as the roller H retreats and revolves in the direction shown by the arrow, it carries away with it the short fibers, dirt, and neps left in its teeth by the roller G, and the fixed comb I clears it, as it revolves, of thelwaste which it collects.

'ibe dofing-roller J receives the carded fibers from the roller G in the usual marn1er,'a11d the vibration or motion of the clotting-lolite or comb K removes the fleece or film of fibrous substance from the teeth of the dofing-roller, from whence it passes through a small trumpet or orifice, L, to the drawing-head, and so to the spindle, which converts it into a yarn. A The rollers are by preference driven by suitable gearing,` in connection `with the main shaft of the machine.

The speed of the card-roller 'F 'is ysnflicientto take the fibrous substance fed to it by the grip-feeder, and

.that of the card-roller Gis more than twice that of" F,

but less than that ot the dofiing-roller J.l

'lhe hank, number, or grist is regulated by the rate of delivery of the grip-feeder of a known quantity of fibrous material, and the drafts ot' the card-roller and drawing-head, as is well understood.

Figure 10 shows a section of a grip-feeder in combinationfwith'card-rollers and a drawing-head.

' A sliver or slubbing may be produced, and by means of the usual mechanism, twist may be put into it, and the twisted sliver wound upon a bobbin,

M, fonsubsequent use and conversion into a slubbing,

roving, or yarn, upon any of the existing machines,

in the manner described and shown;

\Vhere`the fibrous vmaterial to be operated upon is sill; waste, the grip-feeder may deliver ata given rate direct to the drawing-heini without .the intervention v0f any earding process whatever, and the fiber may then be twisted by lthe spindle and flyer, and wound upon a bobbin preparatory to further manipulation en In witness wher-ect I, the said Enwmfrrrrrrr,

havev hereunto set my hand this 4th day ofi-February, A. D. 1870: l

EDWIN IJ'ET'JITT.

fitnessesz I. C. Mnwnunx,

172 Fleet Street, London. GEO. BACON,

172 Fleet Street, Londo-n. 

